What are "stratus" clouds typically associated with?

Stratus clouds are generally associated with overcast skies and can produce light rain or drizzle. These clouds form in a layered manner and often cover the sky like a blanket, preventing much sunlight from reaching the surface, which leads to the characteristic gray, dull appearance of the sky. The presence of stratus clouds typically indicates stable atmospheric conditions, where moist air is brought gradually upward, leading to a uniform cloud cover rather than convective activity that would create more dynamic weather, such as thunderstorms or heavy precipitation.

In contrast, the option that mentions fair weather and sunny skies pertains to clear conditions that are indicative of different cloud types, such as cumulus clouds. Stormy conditions with heavy rainfall are usually associated with cumulonimbus clouds, which develop vertically and signify instability in the atmosphere. The choice referring to clear and dry climates corresponds to regions where stratus clouds are not prevalent, further highlighting their association with overcast conditions rather than clear skies. Thus, the correct association of stratus clouds is indeed with overcast skies and the potential for light precipitation.