What describes the process of condensation?

Condensation is the process where water vapor, which is in a gaseous state, transforms into liquid water. This transformation occurs when the temperature of the air decreases, leading to the water vapor losing energy and changing phase. In this process, the gaseous molecules come closer together, forming liquid droplets. This is commonly observed as dew on grass in the morning or fog in the air.

Understanding this concept is essential because it relates to various weather phenomena, such as cloud formation and precipitation. The correct answer captures the essence of condensation as it specifies the essential phase change needed for the process to occur. Other choices describe related but distinct processes, such as evaporation (liquid to gas), the movement of air particles, or the transfer of heat, none of which define the condensation process itself.