What is the primary function of weather radar in meteorology?

The primary function of weather radar in meteorology is to detect precipitation, its intensity, and movement. Weather radar emits microwave signals that bounce off precipitation particles such as rain, snow, or hail. By analyzing the returned signals, meteorologists can determine where precipitation is occurring, how heavy it is, and the direction in which it is moving. This capability is crucial for issuing timely warnings about severe weather events, such as thunderstorms or heavy rainfall, which can have significant impacts on safety and property.

The other options do not encapsulate the primary role of weather radar. Measuring atmospheric pressure is typically done with barometers, rather than radar. Monitoring air quality involves different sensors and instruments focused on pollutants and particulate matter. Forecasting temperature changes relies on various meteorological models and analyses but is not the direct function of weather radar technology. Thus, the ability of weather radar to provide detailed information about precipitation is what makes it an essential tool in meteorology.