Which of the following describes a sandstorm?

A sandstorm is characterized by strong winds that lift and carry large amounts of sand and dust, significantly reducing visibility in the affected area. This phenomenon can occur in arid and semi-arid regions where loose sand is available. The intense winds create a wall of dust that can be dangerous, creating hazardous driving conditions and affecting respiratory health.

In contrast, the other options describe weather conditions that do not align with the characteristics of a sandstorm. Heavy rainfall with minimal wind is typical of rainy weather, which would not involve the dry, high-wind conditions necessary for a sandstorm. Cold temperatures with high humidity typically signify different types of weather, such as winter precipitation or fog, which are far removed from the dry, windy conditions of a sandstorm. Thunderstorm activity refers to storms that are driven by moisture and atmospheric instability, often bringing rain, hail, and lightning, again differing significantly from the dry, windy nature of a sandstorm.